[18]:50 The first A320 was delivered to Air France on 28 March 1988. [30] This came after a dispute between the French, who claimed the move would incur $150 million (€135 million) in unnecessary expenditure associated with the new plant,[11] and the Germans, arguing it would be more productive for Airbus in the long run. Re-engined with CFM International LEAP-1A or Pratt & Whitney PW1000G engines and with large sharklets, it should be 15% more fuel efficient. The A320 would carry 150 passengers over 5,280 or 3,440 km (2,850 or 1,860 nmi) using fuel from wing fuel tanks only. [103] The record was then improved by the successor, the A320neo family, with 1,420 orders and commitments in less than a year during the Dubai Airshow in November 2011. [10][15] However, works proceeded, and the German carrier would eventually order the twinjet. [90] Range with eight passengers' payload and auxiliary fuel tanks (ACTs) is up to 11,000 kilometres (6,000 nmi). [10] Germany's MBB (Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm), British Aircraft Corporation, Sweden's Saab and Spain's CASA worked on the EUROPLANE, a 180- to 200-seat aircraft. In the end, British work-share was increased from that of the two previous Airbuses. [96] [15] At the time unproven, it was essentially a fan placed outside the engine nacelle, offering speed of a turbofan at turboprops economics; eventually, Airbus stuck with turbofans. [34] The engines were to be supplied from two Rolls-Royce BR715s, CFM56-9s, or the Pratt & Whitney PW6000s;[11][34] with the MTOW of 53.3 t (118,000 lb) for the smaller version and 58 t (128,000 lb) for the AE317, the thrust requirement were 77.9–84.6 kN (17,500–19,000 lbf) and 84.6–91.2 kN (19,000–20,500 lbf), respectively. [11], Final assembly for the A321 would be, as a first for any Airbus, carried out in Germany (then West Germany). [17] At this time, Airbus had 96 orders. As the A320 began operations in 1988, the A321 was launched as its first derivative. [43] Production rates continue to rise, and Airbus aims to reach a production rate of 63 aircraft per month by 2021, which would result in the 10,000th delivery occurring early that year. [69] At its introduction, fly-by-wire and flight envelope protection was a new experience for many pilots. The 124-156 seats A319 is 33.8 m (111 ft) long. [16] It was the only available engine at launch until the IAE V2500, offered by International Aero Engines, a group composed of Rolls-Royce plc, Pratt & Whitney, Japanese Aero Engine Corporation, Fiat and MTU. In December 2011, Airbus filed suit in the western district of Texas over Aviation Partners' claims of infringement of its patents on winglet design and construction which were granted in 1993. [53] They save US$220,000 and 700 t of CO2 per aircraft per year. It was formerly also known as the ACJ, or Airbus Corporate Jet, while starting with 2014 it has the marketing designation ACJ319. [11] In January 1997, an A319 broke a record during a delivery flight by flying 3,588 nautical miles (6,645 km) the great circle route to Winnipeg, Manitoba from Hamburg, in 9 hours 5 minutes. [39], As Airbus targets a 60 monthly global production rate by mid-2019, the Tianjin line delivered 51 in 2016 and it could assemble six per month from four as it starts producing A320neos in 2017; 147 Airbus were delivered in 2016 in China, 20% of its production, mostly A320-family, a 47% market share as the country should become the world's largest market ahead of the US before 2027. Airframes would be converted by Elbe Flugzeugwerke GmbH (EFW) in Dresden, Germany, and Zhukovsky, Russia. For Roger Béteille, then Airbus president, introducing fly-by-wire with flight envelope protection was one of the most difficult decisions he had ever made, explaining: "Either we were going to be first with new technologies or we could not expect to be in the market. [50] The second type of winglet incorporated a more blended design and was designed by Winglet Technology, a company based in Wichita, Kansas. [3] Military version like A319 MPA also exists. [104], By the end of October 2019, the A320 family backlog stood at over 6,000 again, including 78 remaining A320ceos, bringing the total orders to 15,193, surpassing the Boeing 737's total of 15,136 and making the A320 family the world's highest-selling airliner. Die Endziffern der Typenbezeichnungen wurden aufsteigend analog zur Rumpflänge gewählt: die A318 ist also das Flugzeug mit dem kürzesten und die A321 das mit dem längsten Rumpf. [11][26] The aircraft would be a minimum-changed derivative, apart from a number of minor modifications to the wing, and the fuselage stretch itself. [32] Four propulsion options available on the A319 are the 23,040–24,800 lbf (102.5–110.3 kN) IAE V2500, or the 22,000–27,000 lbf (98–120 kN) CFM56. [3], The A318 was born out of mid-1990 studies between Aviation Industries of China (AVIC), Singapore Technologies Aerospace, Alenia and Airbus on a 95- to 125-seat aircraft project. Die Version -100 verfügte noch nicht über Winglets, die sogenannten fenced Wingtips und hatte eine geringere Treibstoffkapazität. The twinjet has a six-abreast cross-section and is powered by either CFM56 or IAE V2500 turbofans, except the CFM56/PW6000 powered A318. The initial converted aircraft first flew on 22 January 2020, to be delivered to Vallair, and it secured EASA supplementary type certificate in February. A320-200 Swiss (Star Alliance) Reichweite: 6'100 km (mit Sharklets) 3'294 nm : Dienstgipfelhöhe: 12'131 m: 39'800 ft : Passagiere: 150 / max. The A320 is the world's first airliner with digital fly-by-wire (FBW) flight control system: input commands through the side-stick are interpreted by flight control computers and transmitted to flight control surfaces within the flight envelope protection; in the 1980s the computer-controlled dynamic system of the Dassault Mirage 2000 fighter cross-fertilised the Airbus team which tested FBW on an A300. Alle Angaben erfolgen nach bestem Wissen und dienen nur der Information. Airbus has delivered 8,605 A320 family aircraft since their certification/first delivery in early 1988, with another 6,056 on firm order (as of 31 December 2018). [65], Airbus offers an avionics upgrade for older A320, the In-Service Enhancement Package, to keep them updated. The A320 features an Electronic Centralised Aircraft Monitor (ECAM) which gives the flight crew information about all the systems of the aircraft. [28] A total of 4,512 of the A320ceo model have been delivered, with 220 remaining on order as of 30 September 2017. Its cargo hold can accommodate Unit Load Devices containers. However, on 3 June 2011, Airbus announced all partners would end the passenger to freighter programme, citing high demand for used airframes for passenger service.